Introduction to Blockchain Software Clients
This is the first part of a series explaining the three software clients currently operational or in development for Ethereum Classic. The series will cover:
- Differences between networks, blockchains, and cryptocurrencies
- Blockchain software vs. blockchain protocols
- Client-server architecture in blockchain systems
- EVM-based blockchains and Ethereum Classic
- Deep dive into Core Geth
- Hyperledger Besu explained
- Erigon's implementation on ETC
Programmable vs. Non-Programmable Blockchains
Blockchain designs vary from simple ledgers (tracking accounts/balances) to programmable systems with smart contracts. Ethereum Classic represents the latter category through its implementation of the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) – the industry standard for blockchain programmability.
Key Components of EVM Blockchains:
- Decentralized computation via 120+ opcodes
- Cross-platform compatibility (runs on any OS)
- Unified execution environment for global network consensus
Why EVM Became the Industry Standard
The EVM model has been widely adopted due to:
✅ Open-source flexibility – Enables community contributions and forks
✅ Interoperability – Reduces switching costs for developers/users
✅ Standardized protocol including:
- Opcode execution
- Gas fee system (anti-spam/DoS protection)
- Solidity programming language
- State transition logic
- Decentralized smart contract storage
Major EVM-Compatible Blockchains
Proof-of-Stake Chains:
- Ethereum
- Binance Smart Chain
- Cardano (via sidechains)
- Polkadot (via parachains)
Proof-of-Work Chains:
- Ethereum Classic (the original EVM chain)
👉 Discover why ETC remains the largest PoW smart contract blockchain
Ethereum Classic's Unique Position
Key differentiators of ETC:
- Only major PoW EVM chain (since Ethereum's 2016 transition)
- Preserves "code is law" philosophy
- Fixed monetary policy (no shift to PoS)
- Highest security among smart contract chains
EVM Software Clients on Ethereum Classic
ETC supports three client implementations:
| Client | Type | Status |
|----------------|---------------|-------------|
| Core Geth | Original ETC fork | Operational |
| Hyperledger Besu | Enterprise-grade | Operational |
| Erigon | Light client | In development |
Each offers distinct advantages for node operators, which we'll explore in future articles.
FAQ
Q: Why did Ethereum Classic split from Ethereum?
A: The 2016 DAO hack prompted Ethereum to implement a controversial hard fork. ETC maintained the original chain to uphold immutability principles.
Q: Is Solidity the only language for ETC smart contracts?
A: While Solidity is primary, alternatives like Vyper are compatible with EVM.
Q: How does ETC's PoW enhance security?
A: Proof-of-Work requires miners to solve computational puzzles, making 51% attacks prohibitively expensive compared to PoS systems.
👉 Learn about staking alternatives in PoW networks
Explore More:
For additional ETC resources, visit: Ethereum Classic Foundation
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